Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Old Norse
marka
→
Old English
mearcian
(cognate)
→
Icelandic
marka
(inherited)
→
Norwegian Nynorsk
marka
(derived)