Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Old Norse
jara
←
Proto-Germanic
*erǭ
(inherited)
→
English
earl
(cognate)
→
Old Norse
Jari
(cognate)
→
Old Norse
Jǫruvǫllr
(compound)