Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Norwegian Nynorsk
rug
←
Danish
rug
(cognate)
←
German
Roggen
(cognate)
←
English
rye
(cognate)
←
Proto-Germanic
*rugiz
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*wrugʰyo-
(derived)
←
Icelandic
rúgur
(cognate)
←
Dutch
rogge
(cognate)
←
Old Norse
rugr
(inherited)
←
Swedish
råg
(cognate)
→
Norwegian Nynorsk
rugbrød
(affix)