Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Norwegian Nynorsk pinne
English pin (cognate)
Proto-Germanic *penn- (inherited)
Latin penna (derived)
Old Norse pinni (inherited)

Norwegian Nynorsk strikkepinne (affix)
Norwegian Nynorsk pinnekjøtt (affix)