Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Norwegian Nynorsk
hjelm
←
English
helm
(cognate)
←
Proto-Germanic
*helmaz
(derived)
←
Old Norse
hjalmr
(derived)
→
Norwegian Nynorsk
vernehjelm
(compound)