Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Norwegian Nynorsk gauk
Proto-Germanic *gaukaz (inherited)
Old Norse gaukr (inherited)

German Gauch (cognate)
Norwegian Nynorsk gaukur (affix)
Norwegian Nynorsk sandnesgauk (affix)