←
Middle Dutch spoke (inherited)
←
Middle Dutch spooc (mention)
←
Middle Dutch spoke (mention)
←
Proto-Germanic *spōk (inherited)
←
Middle High German Spuch (cognate)
←
Middle Low German spôk (cognate)
←
Low German spôk (cognate)
→
English spook (borrowed)
→
Afrikaans spook (inherited)
→
Old English puca (cognate)
→
Southern Ndebele isipoko (derived(nr/nd))
→
Pennsylvania German Gschpuck (cognate)
→
Pennsylvania German Schpuck (cognate)
→
Sranan Tongo spuku (borrowed)