Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Dutch
sjeik
←
Arabic
شَيْخ
(borrowed)
→
Dutch
oliesjeik
(compound)
→
Dutch
sjeikdom
(compound)
→
Swedish
shejk
(cognate)