Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Dutch
regenwater
←
Middle Dutch
regenwater
(inherited)
←
Dutch
regen
(compound)
←
Dutch
water
(compound)
→
English
rainwater
(cognate)