Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Dutch
petroleum
←
Latin
petra
(mention)
←
Latin
oleum
(mention)
→
Indonesian
petroleum
(borrowed)
→
Dutch
petrochemie
(affix)
→
Dutch
petroleumbron
(compound)