Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Dutch
kwarts
←
German
Quarz
(borrowed)
←
Middle High German
twarc
(derived)
←
Proto-Slavic
*tvьrdъ
(derived)
→
Dutch
kwartslaag
(compound)