Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Dutch
grootvorst
←
German
Großfürst
(calque)
←
Dutch
groot
(compound)
←
Dutch
vorst
(compound)
←
Russian
вели́кий князь
(derived)
→
Dutch
vorst
(link)