Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Dutch
Mars
←
Latin
Mārs
(borrowed)
→
Afrikaans
Mars
(inherited)
→
Georgian
მარსი
(derived)
→
Dutch
Marsverkenner
(compound)