Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Malay
sultan
←
Arabic
سُلْطَان
(derived)
←
Aramaic
שולטנא
(derived)
→
Indonesian
sultan
(inherited)
→
Tagalog
sultan
(borrowed)