Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Middle Irish
dúr
←
Latin
dūrus
(borrowed)
→
English
dour
(derived)
→
Irish
dúr
(inherited)
→
Scottish Gaelic
dùr
(inherited)
→
Scots
dour
(derived)