Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Latgalian
gods
←
Proto-Balto-Slavic
*gadas
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*gʰedʰ-
(derived)
←
Latvian
gads
(cognate)