Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Luxembourgish
Klouschter
←
German
Kloster
(cognate)
←
Middle High German
klōster
(inherited)
←
Old High German
klōstar
(inherited)
←
Latin
claustrum
(derived)