Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Luxembourgish
äerz-
←
German
erz-
(cognate)
←
English
arch-
(cognate)
←
Old High German
erzi-
(derived)
←
Latin
archi-
(derived)