Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Latin
triquetrus
←
English
whet
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*kʷeh₁d-
(derived)
←
Latin
trēs
(mention)
→
English
triquetrum
(derived)
→
English
triquetrous
(derived)