Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Latin
refringo
←
Latin
re-
(prefix)
←
Latin
frangō
(prefix)
→
French
refrain
(inherited)
→
Italian
rifrangere
(cognate)