Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Latin
quinquaginta
←
Ancient Greek
πεντήκοντα
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*penkʷēḱomt
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*pénkʷe(d)ḱomt
(mention)
←
Sanskrit
पञ्चाशत्
(cognate)