Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Latin
offendo
←
Proto-Indo-European
*gʷʰen-
(root)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*gʷʰen-
(derived)
←
Latin
ob-
(affix)
←
Latin
*fendō
(affix)
←
Latin
dēfendō
(mention)
→
English
offensive
(derived)
→
Spanish
ofender
(derived)