Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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Latin nosco
Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (root)
Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃sḱéti (inherited)
Proto-Italic *gnōskō (inherited)
Latin gnōscō (mention)

English noble (mention)
English agnogenic (derived)
English agnoprotein (derived)
Latin cognosco (affix)
Norman nobl'ye (mention)