Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Latin
celticus
←
Latin
Celtae
(affix)
←
Latin
-icus
(affix)
→
English
Celtic
(borrowed)
→
Portuguese
céltico
(derived)