Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Japanese
馬頭
←
Sanskrit
अश्वशीर्ष
(calque)
→
Japanese
牛頭馬頭
(affix)
→
Japanese
馬頭観音
(affix)