Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Japanese
蚯蚓
←
Mandarin
蚯蚓
(cognate)
←
Middle Chinese
蚯蚓
(derived)
→
Japanese
蚯蚓蜥蜴
(compound)