Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Japanese
肛門
←
Mandarin
-
(cognate)
←
Cantonese
-
(cognate)
→
Japanese
肛門性交
(compound)
→
Japanese
肛門括約筋
(affix)
→
Japanese
肛門挙筋
(affix)