Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Japanese
精
←
Mandarin
-
(cognate)
←
English
whiten
(mention)
←
Japanese
精げる
(mention)
←
Japanese
白
(mention)
←
Japanese
ぐ
(mention)
←
Middle Chinese
精
(derived)
→
Japanese
精飲
(compound)