Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Japanese
異
←
Mandarin
異
(cognate)
←
Cantonese
異
(cognate)
→
Japanese
異国
(compound)
→
Japanese
別天津神
(compound)
→
Japanese
異世界
(prefix)
→
Japanese
異次元
(prefix)