Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Japanese
獅子
←
Middle Chinese
獅子
(derived)
→
Japanese
獅子宮
(suffix)
→
Japanese
しし座
(suffix)
→
Japanese
こじし座
(compound)