Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Japanese
材料
←
Mandarin
-
(cognate)
←
Middle Chinese
材料
(mention)
→
Japanese
実験材料
(compound)
→
Japanese
材料費
(suffix)
→
Japanese
懸念材料
(compound)