Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Japanese
天文
←
Japanese
年号
(mention)
←
Min Nan
-
(cognate)
←
Cantonese
-
(cognate)
→
Japanese
天文学
(suffix)
→
Japanese
天文単位
(compound)