Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Japanese
台湾
←
Mandarin
-
(cognate)
←
Chinese
台灣
(mention)
←
Chinese
台灣
(mention)
→
Japanese
台湾人
(suffix)
→
Japanese
台湾虎
(compound)
→
Japanese
日台
(blend)