Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Japanese
モンゴル
←
Mongolian
ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ
(borrowed)
←
Mongolian
Монгол
(mention)
→
Japanese
モンゴル語
(suffix)
→
Japanese
モンゴル帝国
(affix)