Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Japanese
ビザンティン帝国
←
English
Byzantine Empire
(calque)
←
Japanese
ビザンティン
(affix)
←
Japanese
帝国
(affix)