Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Japanese
スリランカ
←
English
Sri Lanka
(borrowed)
←
Sinhalese
ශ්රී ලංකා
(derived)
→
Japanese
スリランカ民主社会主義共和国
(affix)