Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Japanese
カンブリア
←
English
Cumbria
(borrowed)
←
Latin
Cambria
(learned borrowing)
→
Japanese
先カンブリア時代
(compound)
→
Japanese
カンブリア紀
(suffix)