Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-Italic
*posti
→
Latin
post
(inherited)
→
Norwegian Bokmål
a posteriori
(derived)
→
Norwegian Bokmål
posteriori
(derived)