Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Italian penna
Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ (inherited)
Proto-Italic *petnā (inherited)
Latin penna (inherited)
Latin pinna (mention)

Italian spennare (confix)
Italian aeropenna (prefix)
Italian pennaiolo (suffix)
Italian pennaio (suffix)
Turkish pena (borrowed)
Venetian péna (cognate)