Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Italian penale
← Latin poenālis (derived)

→ Italian pena (link)
→ Italian penalità (affix)
→ Italian penalmente (affix)
→ Italian depenalizzare (confix)
→ Italian penalizzare (suffix)
→ Italian penalista (affix)