Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Italian
cumulo
←
Italian
cumolo
(doublet)
←
Italian
mucchio
(mention)
←
Latin
cumulus
(learned borrowing)
→
Italian
mucchio
(mention)
→
Italian
altocumulo
(prefix)
→
Italian
stratocumulo
(prefix)