Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Italian
carena
←
Italian
carenare
(mention)
←
Latin
carīna
(inherited)
→
Catalan
carena
(cognate)
→
French
carène
(borrowed)
→
Italian
carenare
(affix)
→
Italian
controcarena
(prefix)