Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Italian
Galileo
←
Latin
galilaeus
(inherited)
→
French
Galilée
(mention)
→
Latin
Galileus
(derived)
→
Portuguese
Galileu
(borrowed)