Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Icelandic
vöðvi
←
Proto-Germanic
*waþwô
(inherited)
←
Old Norse
vǫðvi
(inherited)
→
Icelandic
vöðvamikill
(compound)
→
Icelandic
hringvöðvi
(compound)
→
Icelandic
hjartavöðvi
(affix)
→
Luxembourgish
Wued
(cognate)
→
Swedish
vad
(cognate)