Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Icelandic
strangur
←
Proto-Germanic
*strangaz
(derived)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*strengʰ-
(derived)
←
Old Norse
strangr
(derived)
→
English
strong
(cognate)