Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Icelandic
pollur
←
Proto-Germanic
*pullaz
(derived)
←
Old Norse
pollr
(derived)
→
English
pool
(cognate)
→
English
pill
(cognate)
→
Icelandic
pollagalli
(compound)