Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Icelandic
pipar
←
Danish
peber
(borrowed)
←
Latin
piper
(derived)
←
Sanskrit
पिप्पलि
(cognate)
→
English
pepper
(cognate)
→
Icelandic
piparsveinn
(affix)
→
Icelandic
piparúði
(affix)
→
Icelandic
piparrót
(compound)
→
Icelandic
eldpipar
(compound)
→
Icelandic
piparkaka
(compound)
→
Luxembourgish
Peffer
(cognate)