Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Icelandic nef
English neb (cognate)
Proto-Germanic *nabją (inherited)
Old Norse nef (inherited)

Icelandic mjónefur (mention)
Icelandic neflaus (suffix)
Icelandic nefdýr (mention)
Icelandic fuglsnef (compound)