Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Icelandic
lögur
←
Old English
lagu
(cognate)
←
Proto-Germanic
*laguz
(derived)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*lókus
(derived)
←
Latin
lacus
(cognate)
←
Old Norse
lǫgr
(derived)
→
English
lay
(cognate)
→
Icelandic
vínberjalögur
(compound)