Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Icelandic
kol
←
Proto-Germanic
*kulą
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*gʷol-
(derived)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*ǵwelH-
(mention)
←
Old Norse
kol
(inherited)
→
Icelandic
kolefni
(compound)
→
Icelandic
kolbítur
(mention)
→
Icelandic
kolsýra
(affix)
→
Icelandic
kolkrabbi
(affix)